Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurring headaches, which can range from mild to severe. Migraine with aura is a type of migraine that is accompanied by sensory disturbances such as visual, auditory, or sensory changes before the onset of the headache. In this article, we will discuss the symptoms and treatment options for migraine with aura.
What is Migraine with Aura?
Migraine with aura is a type of migraine headache that is preceded by sensory disturbances known as aura. Aura typically lasts for a few minutes and can include visual disturbances, such as flashing lights or zigzag lines, as well as sensory changes, such as tingling or numbness in the face, arms, or legs. In some cases, aura can also cause speech disturbances or difficulty concentrating.
Migraine with aura is less common than migraine without aura, affecting approximately 25% of people with migraine. The exact cause of migraine with aura is unknown, but it is thought to be related to changes in the brain and genetics.
Symptoms of Migraine with Aura
The symptoms of migraine with aura can vary from person to person, but the most common include:
- Visual disturbances, such as flashing lights, zigzag lines, or blind spots
- Sensory changes, such as tingling or numbness in the face, arms, or legs
- Speech disturbances or difficulty concentrating
- Headache, which usually begins after the aura and can last for several hours or days
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells
The symptoms of migraine with aura can be very disruptive and can interfere with daily activities. Some people may experience warning signs before the onset of an aura, such as changes in mood, appetite, or energy levels.
Treatment Options for Migraine with Aura
The treatment options for migraine with aura include both preventive and acute medications. Preventive medications are used to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, while acute medications are used to treat the symptoms of an active migraine attack.
Preventive medications for migraine with aura may include:
- Beta-blockers, such as propranolol or metoprolol
- Antidepressants, such as amitriptyline or venlafaxine
- Anticonvulsants, such as topiramate or valproic acid
Acute medications for migraine with aura may include:
- Triptans, such as sumatriptan or rizatriptan
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen
- Anti-nausea medications, such as metoclopramide or prochlorperazine
In addition to medications, lifestyle changes can also be helpful in managing migraine with aura. These may include:
- Avoiding trigger foods or beverages, such as caffeine, alcohol, or chocolate
- Maintaining a regular sleep schedule
- Engaging in regular exercise
- Managing stress through relaxation techniques, such as meditation or yoga
FAQs
- What is the difference between migraine with aura and migraine without aura?
- Migraine with aura is accompanied by sensory disturbances known as aura before the onset of the headache, while migraine without aura does not have these sensory disturbances.
- Can migraine with aura be cured?
- There is no cure for migraine with aura, but it can be managed with medications and lifestyle changes.
- What are some common triggers for migraine with aura?
- Common triggers for migraine with aura include stress, lack of sleep, certain foods or beverages, hormonal changes, and changes in weather or altitude.
- How long does an aura typically last?
- An aura typically lasts for a few minutes, but can last up to an hour in some cases.
- Can children have migraine with aura?
- Yes, children can experience migraine with aura, but it is less common in children than in adults.
Conclusion
Migraine with aura is a type of migraine headache that is accompanied by sensory disturbances known as aura. Symptoms can include visual disturbances, sensory changes, speech disturbances, and headache. Treatment options include both preventive and acute medications, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger foods and managing stress.